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Sriram, S.

• Fuzzy Almost Contra rw-Continuous Functions in Topological Spaces

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Authors

K. Balasubramaniyan ¹, S. Sriram ¹

Affiliations
1 Mathematics Section, Faculty of Engineering and Technology, Annamalai University, Annamalainagar, Tamil Nadu-608 002, IN

Source

International Journal of Mathematics Research, Vol 5, No 1 (2013), Pagination: 109-117

Abstract

In this paper, we introduce fuzzy almost contra rw-continuous functions and to investigate properties and relationships of fuzzy functions.

Keywords

Fuzzy Almost Contra Rw-Continuous, Fuzzy Rw-Convergent, Fuzzy Rwconnected, Fuzzy Rw-Normal, Fuzzy Strongly Rw-Normal, Fuzzy Rw-T2, Fuzzy Rw-T1, Fuzzy Weakly Almost Contra Rw-Continuous.

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References

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• Trichoderma-enriched Coco-Peat for the Management of Phytophthora and Fusarium Diseases of Chilli and Tomato in Nurseries

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Authors

S. Sriram ¹, M. J. Savitha ¹, B. Ramanujam ¹

Affiliations
1 National Bureau of Agriculturally Important Insects, H. A. Farm Post, Hebbal, Bellary Road, Hebbal, Bangalore, 560 024, Karnataka, IN

Source

Journal of Biological Control, Vol 24, No 4 (2010), Pagination: 311-316

Abstract

Coconut coir dust, commercially available as coco-peat, is used in raising the seedlings of vegetable crops in tropical countries. Coir-pith and other derivates of coconut husk have been well recognized as substrates for the multiplication of Trichoderma spp. and commercial nurseries use coco-peat for raising the seedlings. In the present study, coco-peat enriched with Trichoderma harzianum was used for raising tomato and chilli seedlings to test the effect of the same on managing wilt caused by Fusarium oxysporum f. sp. lycopersici in tomato and damping off and ischolar_main rot caused by Phytophthora capsici in chillies in nurseries. The enrichment with T. harzianum, resulted in reduced wilt incidence (5-7.5%) compared to control (38.75%) in tomato with increased plant growth parameters. Though germination was reduced compared to control (without pathogen), there was reduction in P. capsici infection in chillies by up to 50% compared to coco-peat without Trichoderma enrichment. The use of coco-peat enriched with T. harzianum can be adopted by commercial nurseries for better plant growth and reduced incidence of tomato wilt and chilli ischolar_main rot while raising disease free and healthy seedlings.

Keywords

Trichoderma spp., Coco-Peat, Fusarium oxysproum f. sp. lycopersici, Phytophthora capsici, Tomato, Chilli, Commercial Nurseries.

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• Screening and Identification of Potential Bacillus Spp. for the Management of Bacterial Wilt of Brinjal

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Authors

G. Sivakumar ¹, R. Rangeshwaran ¹, S. Sriram ¹

Affiliations
1 National Bureau of Agriculturally Important Insects, H.A. Farm Post, Hebbal, Bellary Road, Bangalore, 560024, Karnataka, IN

Source

Journal of Biological Control, Vol 25, No 3 (2011), Pagination: 229-235

Abstract

Among 100 isolates of Bacillus spp. screened in vitro against Ralstonia solanacearum that causes bacterial wilt of brinjal, ten were found inhibitory to R. solanacearum. Bacillus megaterium isolate NBAII 63 was highly inhibitory with 29.20 mm of inhibition zone against R. solanacearum as compared to the other nine strains of Bacillus. Six of them were identified by 16S rDNA analysis. The bioefficacy of talc formulation of B. megaterium was evaluated under greenhouse for plant growth promotion and suppression of bacterial wilt in brinjal. The bacterial wilt was effectively managed by B. megaterium through different methods of applications. A combination of four methods (seed treatment + soil application + seedling ischolar_main dip + foliar spray) was the most effective. Maximum ischolar_main length (23.42 cm), shoot length (65.21 cm), fresh weight (40.39 g), dry weight (10.33 g) and highest wilt reduction (50.54%) was recorded in the combination method. Among single application methods, seed treatment was effective exhibiting 41% reduction of bacterial wilt followed by soil application which gave 36% wilt reduction. The bacterial wilt reduction in chemical control (streptomycin sulphate) was 71%. Good growth of the brinjal plants was recorded due to application of B. megaterium. Highest rhizosphere population of 67.0 × 10⁶ cfu/g was recorded in brinjal at 40 days after transplanting when the antagonist was applied by combining the different application methods.

Keywords

Bacillus Spp, Ralstonia solanacearum, Bioefficacy, Talc Formulation, Brinjal.

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References

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• Additives in Powder Based formulation for Enhanced Shelf Life of Pseudomonas fluorescens and Bacillus sp.

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Authors

R. Rangeshwaran ¹, N. V. Vajid ¹, B. Ramanujam ¹, S. Sriram ¹, T. V. Bhaskaran ¹, Satendar Kumar ¹

Affiliations
1 National Bureau of Agriculturally Important Insects, Post Bag No. 2491, H. A. Farm Post, Hebbal, Bellary Road, Bangalore 560 024, Karnataka, IN

Source

Journal of Biological Control, Vol 24, No 2 (2010), Pagination: 158-163

Abstract

Studies were carried out to evaluate the effect of adding nutrient additives to talc based formulations on the shelf life of bacteria stored under room temperature. Two organisms namely, Pseudomonas fluorescens (PDBCAB2) and Bacillus sp. (MTCC6534 - chickpea endophyte), a spore forming bacterium, were tested. A gradual increase in P. fluorescens population up to 90 days was observed in almost all the treatments that were amended with nutrients. At 90 days highest population of log 10.38 cfu g⁻¹ was noticed in talc amended with 2 per cent tryptone and glycerol. Decline in the population was observed from 90 days onwards and was rapid from 150 days onwards. At 240 days highest count of log 1 x 10^4.2 cfu g⁻¹ was obtained with formulations amended with 2% tryptone and 2% glycerol and the results indicated that 2% peptone or 2% tryptone supplemented with 2% glycerol helped P. fluorescens in its better survival. The spore forming Bacillus sp. survived well throughout the study period. At 240 days all talc formulations amended with nutrient sources showed a population of log 9.0 cfu g⁻¹ or above and the population declined to below log 7.0 cfu g⁻¹ only in non amended treatments. Slow decline started from 240 days but high cfu of log 9.30 to 9.38 g⁻¹ were noticed in yeast extract or tryptone treated treatments. Hence talc formulations that had yeast extract or tryptone supplemented with glycerol enhanced shelf life of Bacillus spp.

Keywords

Pseudomonas fluorescens, Bacillus sp, Powder Based Formulation, Talc, Shelf Life, Gram Positive, Gram Negative.

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• Evaluation of Diacetylphloroglucinol Producing Pseudomonads for Their Biocontrol Potential Against Ralstonia Wilt in Brinjal

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Authors

N. Arulmani ¹, S. Sriram ², R. Rangeshwaran ¹

Affiliations
1 National Bureau of Agriculturally Important Insects, P.B. No. 2941, H.A. Farm Post, Bellary Road, Hebbal, Bangalore 560 024, IN
2 Division of Plant Pathology, Indian Institute of Horticultural Research, Bangalore 560 089, IN

Source

Journal of Biological Control, Vol 27, No 2 (2013), Pagination: 105–109

Abstract

Diacetylphloroglucinol (DAPG) producing isolates of pseudomonads were screened against bacterial wilt in brinjal caused by Ralstonia solanacearum under greenhouse conditions. Thirty Pseudomonas isolates were obtained from the culture collection of NBAII, Bangalore that include seven isolates of Pseudomonas putida (CK8C, CK24E, Pf4K, RPF9, RPF13, OTN5E2, GR1ARS1), one P. mosselli (CK24C) isolate, three isolates of P. fluorescens (GR3ARS3, Pf-DWD, CHAO), three isolates of P. plecoglossicida (BA11D1, BA16-2, BA3-D1) and sixteen isolates of P. aeruginosa (CK13C, CK19E, AFP3, AFP4, AFP6, RFP7, OTN8, AFP9, AFP8, PDB8, PDB1, AFP7, AFP5, AFP13, ND4-IARIB, RPF8). Bacterial wilt susceptible brinjal variety MEBH- 9 was used in the screening. The brinjal seedlings were dipped in Pseudomonas suspension for five minutes before transplantation and plants were observed for wilt symptoms like stunted growth, drooping of leaves, loss of rigidity and eventually death of the plant. Four weeks later, the plants were upischolar_mained and length and weight of both ischolar_mains and shoots were recorded. The highest percentage of wilt disease reduction was observed in seedlings treated with P. plecoglossicida BA11D1 (95.8%), P. putida CK24E (62.5%) and P. plecoglossicida BA3D1 (41.7%). Average shoot length, ischolar_main length and shoot weight, ischolar_main weight were comparatively lesser in most of the pseudomonads treated plants than the control plants.

Keywords

Ralstonia solanacearum, Bacterial Wilt, Plant Growth Promotion, Pseudomonads, Diacetylphloroglucinol.

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References

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• Enumeration of Colony forming Units of Trichoderma in formulations-Precautions to be Taken to Avoid Errors during Serial Dilution

Abstract Views :469  |  PDF Views:144

Authors

S. Sriram ¹, M. J. Savitha ¹

Affiliations
1 National Bureau of Agriculturally Important Insects, Post Bag No. 249, H. A. Farm Post, Hebbal, Bellary Road, Bangalore 560 024, Karnataka, IN

Source

Journal of Biological Control, Vol 25, No 1 (2011), Pagination: 64–67

Abstract

Traditionally serial dilution method is used for the enumeration of viable propagules in a microbial formulation. Conidia of some fungal agents like Trichoderma spp. are hydrophobic in nature. They repel water and are not dispersed uniformly in water. To enhance uniform distribution, dispersing agents like Tween 20 have to be used. In many articles in the published literature, high CFUs (>10¹¹ CFUs g^-1) have been either been claimed or reported to be present in formulations. Further considering the volume (4/3 × 3.14 × r³) occupied by each conidium (minimum 2 micron diameter), realistically we cannot expect high Colony Forming Units (CFUs) reported or claimed in many research papers. In the present report an attempt was made to estimate the possible 'number of conidia per cc' and 'number of conidia per g' of Trichoderma harzianum spores (NBAII Th10-MTCC 5584). The results showed that even at higher dilutions (>10^-18 to 10^-20) colonies of Trichoderma appeared on plates which is not theoretically possible. It is proposed that while enumerating the viable propagules in a formulation the serial dilution has to be done with Tween 20 and the tips should be changed for each dilution without fail. The dilution should be restricted to 10⁹ or 10¹⁰. The limitations of the serial dilution beyond 10¹⁰ and precautions to be taken are discussed.

Keywords

Trichoderma spp., Formulation, Serial Dilution, Enumeration, Viability.

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• Molecular Identification of Yeast Like Microorganisms Associated with Field Populations of Aphid Predator, Chrysoperla zastrowi sillemi (Esben-Petersen) (Neuroptera: Chrysopidae) and Their Role in Fecundity

Abstract Views :274  |  PDF Views:121

Authors

B. N. Hemalatha ¹, T. Venkatesan ¹, S. K. Jalali ¹, S. Sriram ¹, B. Reetha ¹

Affiliations
1 National Bureau of Agriculturally Important Insects, H.A. Farm Post, Hebbal, Bangalore-560024, IN

Source

Journal of Biological Control, Vol 27, No 3 (2013), Pagination: 176–183

Abstract

Resident microflora of alimentary canal and fat bodies associated with eleven field collected Chrysoperla zastrowi sillemi (Esben-Petersen) adult females were characterized and their possible role in influencing the fecundity was studied. The isolated yeasts varied among different populations of the predator. Culturable yeasts viz., Wickerhamomyces anomalus, Pichia anomala, Candida blankii, C. apicola, C. pimensis, Torulaspora delbrueckii, Zygosaccharomyces rouxii and Kodamea ohmeri were isolated from gut, diverticulum and fat bodies of the adult females and characterized by biochemical and molecular tools. The yeast isolate of T. delbrueckii in combination with honey and castor pollen grains were found to increase the fecundity of the adult females as compared to those that were reared on honey and pollen in different generations.

Keywords

Chrysoperla Zastrowi Sillemi, Yeast, Molecular Characterization, Fecundity.

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• Potential Use of Elicitors from Trichoderma in Induced Systemic Resistance for the Management of Phytophthora capsici in Red Pepper

Abstract Views :252  |  PDF Views:131

Authors

S. Sriram ¹, S. B. Manasa ², M. J. Savitha ¹

Affiliations
1 National Bureau of Agriculturally Important Insects, Post Bag No. 2491, H. A. Farm Post, Bangalore 560024, Karnataka, IN
2 Department of Plant Science, School of Life Sciences, Bharathidasan University, Tiruchirapalli 620024, Tamil Nadu, IN

Source

Journal of Biological Control, Vol 23, No 4 (2009), Pagination: 449-456

Abstract

Eleven isolates of Trichoderma harzianum were screened for their potential to induce systemic resistance against Phytophthora capsici in red pepper plants. The effect of talc formulations of these eleven isolates on induction of glucanase activity and phenol content was studied. There was a significant increase in glucanase activity in plants treated with Th8 and Th1 (94 and 90 μg glucose released min^-1 g^-1) compared to control (77 μg). Similarly phenol content also increased in plants treated with Th4, Th7 and Th10 (48-59 μg g-1) compared to control (34 μg g^-1). Cell wall glucan elicitors were extracted from T. harzianum isolate Th10 that had been reported earlier as an efficient biocontrol agent. Treatment with elicitor preparations also induced high glucanase activity (40 μg glucose released min-1 g-1) and increased phenol content (42 μg g^-1) compared to control where the glucanase activity was 33 μg glucose released min^-1 g^-1 while phenol content was 27 μg g^-1. Similarly the elicitor treatment as seedling dip reduced P. capsici infection to 23% compared to control (93%). The potential use of ISR eliciting isolates in the biocontrol of P. capsici in red pepper is discussed.

Keywords

Cell Wall Glucan Elicitor, Induced Systemic Resistance (ISR), Phytophthora capsici, Red Pepper, Trichoderma harzianum.

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• Evaluation of non-pathogenic Fusarium for antagonistic activity against Fusarium wilt of tomato

Abstract Views :252  |  PDF Views:163

Authors

Suresh Patil ¹, S. Sriram ¹, M. J. Savitha ¹

Affiliations
1 National Bureau of Agriculturally Important Insects, Post Bag No, 2491, H.a. Farm Post, Bellary Road, Hebbal, Bangalore 560024, Karnataka, IN

Source

Journal of Biological Control, Vol 25, No 2 (2011), Pagination: 118-123

Abstract

Fusarium spp. isolated from rhizosphere soils of tomato from Karnataka, Tamil Nadu and Gujarat states of India were tested for their pathogenicity. Among these isolates, six were found non-pathogenic to tomato, red gram, bengal gram, groundnut, red pepper, water melon, castor and banana. These non-pathogenic isolates protected tomato plants when co-inoculated with pathogen isolate under pot culture conditions. Treatment with non-pathogenic Fusarium isolates improved the plant growth parameters (length and weight of ischolar_main and shoot). These non-pathogenic Fusarium isolates can be exploited for the biocontrol of wilt disease.

Keywords

Biocontrol, Non-pathogenic Isolates, Fusarium Spp., Tomato, Wilt.

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• Perspectives and Challenges of Protection of Plant Varieties and Farmers' Rights Act in Floriculture

Abstract Views :239  |  PDF Views:83

Authors

Tejaswini ¹, T. Manjunatha Rao ¹, Meenakshi Srinivas ¹, Sujatha Nair ¹, M. V. Dhanajaya ¹, Rajiv Kumar ¹, S. Sriram ¹, V. Sridhar ¹

Affiliations
1 Indian Institute of Horticultural Research, Bangalore 560 089, IN

Source

Current Science, Vol 107, No 10 (2014), Pagination: 1638-1639

Abstract

No Abstract.

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• Biological Control of Taro Leaf Blight Caused by Phytophthora colocasiae (Racib.) and Storage Losses with Rhizobacteria

Abstract Views :266  |  PDF Views:117

Authors

S. Sriram ¹, R. S. Misra ²

Affiliations
1 Regional Centre of Central Tuber Crops Research Institute, Dumduma PO, Bhubaneswar - 751019, Orissa, IS
2 Regional Centre of Central Tuber Crops Research Institute, Dumduma PO, Bhubaneswar - 751019, Orissa, IN

Source

Journal of Biological Control, Vol 21, No 2 (2007), Pagination: 181-188

Abstract

Effect of seed treatment, soil application and foliar spray of rhizobacterial cultures that were isolated from Colocasia esculenta on Phytophthora blight was studied under polyhouse and field conditions. Under polyhouse conditions, when applied as seed tuber treatment, the antagonistic rhizobactcrial cultures S1B3, S11B4, S13B5 and S23BS reduced the Phytophthora blight disease severity. In these treatments there was no disease incidence compared to control where the disease severity was 2.92 on a 0-5 disease rating scale. In soil application, when rhizobactcrial cultures S4BS, S13B5 and S23BS were used, the disease incidence was nil compared to control where disease severity was 2.83 on a 0-5 disease rating scale. Foliar application with S1B4 and S11B3 reduced the disease severity to 0-0.33 rating compared to 2.66 in control. Under field conditions, tuber treatment with S1 B3, soil application of S13B5 or foliar application with S1B4 and S11B3 reduced the disease severity and increased the yield compared to untreated pathogen-inoculated control plants. Seed treatment with S1B3 resulted in tuber yield of 255g/plant compared to 95.42g in control. Soil application with S13B5 resulted in 232.65g/plant, while in foliar application with S1B4 or S11B3, yield were 274g and 605g per plant, respectively. These treatments promoted the plant growth also. These treatments were tested in the field and it was found that application of bacteria in combination (seed treatment, soil treatment and foliar spray) helped in reducing the leaf area damaged due to blight by 41% during the first peak of the disease spread and by 28% during the second peak of the disease spread. Rhizobacteria treatment also helped in reducing the storage losses. The storage loss of tubers harvested from rhizobacteria treated plots ranged from 4.14 to 21.24% compared to 26.02 and 21.78% in fungicide treated and control plots, respectively, resulting in 18 to 36% increased yield in the field trials.

Keywords

Biological Control, Colocasia esculenta, Phytophthora colocasiae, Rhizobacteria.

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• A New Fuzzy Based Image Denoising Algorithm Using Lifting Wavelet Transform with Inter-Intra Scale Dependency

Abstract Views :150  |  PDF Views:4

Authors

S. Sriram ¹, K. Balasubramaniyan ¹

Affiliations
1 Mathematics Section, Annamalai University, Annamalai Nagar, IN

Source

Digital Image Processing, Vol 2, No 10 (2010), Pagination: 384-390

Abstract

Denoising is an essential task in image and video processing techniques. Noise free images are helped analytical purposes. Many types of denoising techniques are proposed in various researches. Now days, the fuzzy based methods are applied in the field of image denoising. This paper proposed novel algorithm for fuzzy based denoising the images. The proposed algorithm used lifting wavelet transformation technique from image into wavelet coefficient conversion. The proposed algorithm is used two kinds of wavelet properties like inter scale and intra scale dependencies. This algorithm also develops new kind of fuzzy rules to indentify the noisy coefficient and remove the nosy values. The experimental are used four images in various sizes 256 x 256, 512 x 512 and 1024 x 1024 respectively. The results are proved that the proposed LWT based denoising algorithm is performed better in all images with various standard deviation levels.

Keywords

Denoising, Image Processing, Fuzzy System, Lifting Wavelet Transform.

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• Renewable Energy Source Piezo Electric Harvesters in Car Tyres

Abstract Views :213  |  PDF Views:4

Authors

S. Sriram ¹, A. Dineshkumar ¹, S. R. Balaji ¹

Affiliations
1 Department of Electrical and Electronics Engineering, Sri Sai Ram Institute of Technology, Chennai, Tamil Nadu, IN

Source

Automation and Autonomous Systems, Vol 4, No 1 (2012), Pagination: 17-19

Abstract

The main aim of this paper is to harvest energy that could power a car without causing any kind of pollution in an economical way. We are embedding the piezoelectric crystals in the tyres of cars and heavy vehicles which on application of force (i.e. due to the pressure applied) produces electricity. When the wheel of the vehicle rotates, the mechanical stress exerted by the vehicle on the crystal is converted in to electrical energy using the piezoelectric crystals can be coupled with circuits that could enable storage of electricity in batteries.

Piezoelectric crystals are enabled to produce electricity due to the piezoelectric effect in the vehicles during the course of journey. Using this method electricity for different hybrid cars and energy efficient means of transport can be created.

Keywords

No Pollution, Piezo Electric Crystals, Car Tyres, Mechanical Pressure, Electricity.

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• Management of Phytophthora–A deadly Plant Pathogen

Abstract Views :233  |  PDF Views:83

Authors

P. Chowdappa ¹, V. Sridhar ², P. V. R. Reddy ², S. Sriram ², S. P. Mohan ²

Affiliations
1 ICAR-Central Plantation Crops Research Institute, Kasaragod 571 124, IN
2 ICAR-Indian Institute of Horticultural Research, Bengaluru 560 089, IN

Source

Current Science, Vol 110, No 12 (2016), Pagination: 2213-2215

Abstract

Stramenopile pathogens of the genus Phytophthora cause devastating diseases on a wide range of agricultural and horticultural crops, natural vegetation and forestry worldwide. There are over 140 species in the genus and many have wide host range.

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• Host-Insect and Host-Plant Associated Diversity in Microbiota Isolated from Most Important Oriental-Australian Region Egg Parasitoid

Abstract Views :247  |  PDF Views:132

Authors

S. K. Jalali ¹, S. Sriram ², T. Venkatesan ¹, R. P. More ¹, Omprakash Navik ¹, Y. Lalitha ¹, Rakshit Ojha ¹

Affiliations
1 ICAR-National Bureau of Agricultural Insect Resources, Post Bag No. 2491, H. A. Farm Post, Bellary Road, Hebbal, Bangalore – 24, Karnataka, IN
2 ICAR-Indian Institute of Horticultural Research, Hessaraghatta Lake Post, Bangalore – 89, Karnataka, IN

Source

Journal of Biological Control, Vol 31, No 4 (2017), Pagination: 229-239

Abstract

Host-insect and host-plant associated differentiation of genetically divergent microbiota were recorded from economically important egg parasitoid collected from 26 locations in India, Trichogramma chilonis constituted 86.8% of the populations collected. It was recorded from 14 host-insects, 14 different crops and weed plants from 12 states. Nine species of yeast were recorded from parasitoid from 5 host-insects with Wickerhamomyces anamalus was isolated from 36.4% samples and highest numbers were recorded from parasitoid collected on sugarcane. Bacillus cereus, Pseudomonas sp. and Stenotrophomonas maltophilia from T. chilonis constitute 64.3% of bacterial diversity based on their 16S rDNA sequences. For taxonomic identification using 16s rDNA and ITS sequences, we performed taxonomic classification of total 33 ITS isolates against UNITE Fungal ITS database and assigned taxonomy hierarchy to the sequences. Also, a total of 13 isolates 16s rDNA sequences were taxonomically assigned against RDP 16s rDNA database using RDP Naive Bayesian rRNA Classifier Version 2.1. Most of the species are correctly identified in the respective species members with high confidence threshold value support.

Keywords

Egg Parasitoid, Evolutionary Relationship, Host-Insects, Host-Plants, Microbiota.

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• Performance and Emission Study on Diesel Engine using Waste Cooking Oil with Methanol as Additive

Abstract Views :230  |  PDF Views:97

Authors

R. A. RaajKumar ¹, S. Sriram ¹, A. S. DivakarShetty ¹, Sandeep Koundinya ¹

Affiliations
1 Dept. of Mech. Engg., Amrita School of Engg., Amrita Vishwa Vidyapeetham, Bengaluru, IN

Source

International Journal of Vehicle Structures and Systems, Vol 10, No 5 (2018), Pagination: 358-362

Abstract

As the years are passing by, the number of vehicles used for transportation is increasing. Due to this the environment is degrading and also the fossil fuels are depleting. This paper presents the performance and emission study on diesel engine using waste cooking oil with methanol as additive in various proportions. The properties such as the flash point, fire point, kinematic viscosity and the calorific values of the blends with and without additive are determined. Then all the biodiesel blends are used as fuel separately in the diesel engine. The engine performance as well as emission characteristics have been determined and compared at different blends. The blends with additive showed better properties and reduction in emission characteristics compared to diesel. The emission of CO is decreasing with increasing waste cooking oil and methanol quantity in the blends. Fuel consumption was more for the higher percentage blends with respect to increasing brake power. The emission of un-burnt hydrocarbon and oxides of nitrogen are reduced significantly with addition of methanol to fuel mixture due to higher oxygen and heat of vaporization.

Keywords

Waste Cooking Oil, Biodiesel, Emissions, Engine Performance, Methanol.

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• Influence of Different Sources and Methods of Potassium Application on the Quality of Grapes Cv. Sharad Seedless (Vitis vinifera L.)

Abstract Views :224  |  PDF Views:81

Authors

Y. Pushpavathi ¹, J. Satisha ¹, G. C. Satisha ¹, K. S. Shivashankara ¹, M. Lakshminarayana Reddy ², S. Sriram ¹

Affiliations
1 ICAR-Indian Institute of Horticultural Research, Hesaraghatta, Bengaluru 560 089, IN
2 Dr Y.S.R. Horticultural University, Venkataramannagudem 534 101, IN

Source

Current Science, Vol 118, No 4 (2020), Pagination: 639-643

Abstract

Potassium is often considered as the quality element for crop production. Grapevine is one of the most potassium-friendly plants that has a better ability to utilize soil potassium. Grape berries are a strong sink for potassium, particularly during ripening. To ascertain the influence of the combined application of different sources and methods of potassium application on the quality of grape cv. Sharad Seedless, an experiment was conducted at Indian Institute of Horticultural Research, Bengaluru during two consecutive years, viz. 2016–17 and 2017–18 with three different sources of potassium fertilizers (SOP, KNO₃ and 19 : 19 : 19), and two methods of application (soil application and fertigation). Pooled analysis revealed that among the treatments, grapevines treated with sulphate of potash as 60% through fertigation and 40% through soil registered the highest total soluble solids (22.16° ºBrix), Brix : acid (36.38), total sugars (19.66%) and least titratable acidity (0.61%) in berries. With regards to biochemical constituents like total phenols, total flavonoids and anthocyanins, significantly highest value was observed in vines treated with 100% SOP through fertigation.

Keywords

Fertigation, Grape, Potassium, Source and Method, Soil Application.

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References

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• Identification of NBS-LRR Resistance Gene Analogues (RGA) from Rose (IIHRR13-4) Resistant to Powdery Mildew (Podosphaera pannosa (Wallr.:Fr.) de Bary)

Abstract Views :455  |  PDF Views:164

Authors

Neethu K. Chandran ¹, S. Sriram ¹, Tejaswini Prakash ²

Affiliations
1 Division of Crop Protection, ICAR-Indian Institute of Horticultural Research, Bengaluru - 560 089, IN
2 Division of Floriculture and Medicinal crops,, ICAR-Indian Institute of Horticultural Research, Bengaluru - 560 089, IN

Source

Journal of Horticultural Sciences, Vol 15, No 1 (2020), Pagination: 81-92

Abstract

Resistance is the best strategy to manage powdery mildew (Podosphaera pannosa (Wallr.:Fr.) de Bary) of rose. Identification of resistant genes (R genes) from plant species will help in breeding programs. Nucleotide Binding Site - Leucine Rich Repeats (NBSLRR) is a major class of R gene family in plants. This study reports the identification and molecular characterization of resistance gene analogues from roses maintained at ICARIndian Institute of Horticultural Research (IIHR). The powdery mildew resistant line IIHRR13-4 was compared with the susceptible commercial cultivar, konfetti. PCR based approaches with degenerative primers based on different conserved motifs of NBS-LRR were employed to isolate resistance gene analogues (RGAs) from rose. Eleven RGAs (IIHRR13-4R1, IIHRR13-4R2, IIHRR13-4R3, IIHRR13-4R4, IIHRR13-4R5, IIHRR13- 4R6, IIHRR13-4R7, IIHRR13-4R8 IIHRR13-4R9 and IIHRR13-4R10) were identified from powdery mildew resistant germplasm line, IIHRR13-4, based on the sequence and similarity to RGAs from rosaceae family and other crops. The major similarity to rose RGAs reported are from Fragaria vesca, Rosa hybrid cultivar, Prunus and Rosa chinensis. RGAs isolated from IIHRR13-4 belonged to Toll Interleukin Receptor (TIR)-NBS-LRR and Non-TIR-NBS-LRR RGAs (Lecine Zipper (LZ) type). Different motifs of RGAs identified were P-loop, RNBS A, kinase 2, kinase 3a, RNBS-D and GLPL of NBS domain. This study reports the existence of resistance at genetic level in powdery mildew resistant genotype IIHRR13-4. These RGAs will be useful for mapping and characterization of R genes in IIHRR13-4 and breeding for improved powdery mildew resistance in roses.

Keywords

Nucleotide Binding Site-Leucine Rich Repeats (NBS-LRR), Podosphaera pannosa, Powdery mildew, Resistance Gene Analogues (RGA) and Rose.

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• In this Issue

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Authors

S. Sriram

Source

Journal of Horticultural Sciences, Vol 14, No 2 (2019), Pagination: i-i

Abstract

Every moment, there is an incremental addition to the knowledge base of any science. This issue of Journal of Horticultural Science hosts the reports on recent developments in different branches of Horticultural Science viz. crop production, crop improvement, crop protection and crop utilization.

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